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The invention aims to address the ineffectiveness of current infectious disease management approaches caused by widespread resistance of parasites to drugs and insect disease vectors to insecticides used in vector control programs. The lack of effective vaccines and the undesirable properties of existing synthetic mosquito repellents, such as DEET, Icaridine and IR3535, have further complicated disease control efforts. The need for new natural and synthetic compounds with mosquito repellent activity similar to DEET, Icaridine and IR3535 but without their drawbacks has become increasingly urgent. The invention discloses novel natural compounds and compositions for repelling arthropods, particularly insects and arachnid disease vectors, by targeting specific chemosensory proteins in the vectors. These repellent compounds were shown to bind to mosquito proteins called odorant binding proteins (OBPs), affect mosquito behavior and reduce interactions with human hosts. Compositions may include carvacrol, cumin, and cinnamate compounds, among others, to achieve mosquito repellence and prevent blood meals. Methods for reducing mosquito bites on individuals or infestations in specific locations involve applying the disclosed repellent compounds or compositions, offering a natural and effective alternative to existing synthetic repellents. The disclosed compounds and compositions offer a safer and more effective solution for controlling diseases transmitted by mosquitoes and arachnids. By targeting specific chemosensory proteins in mosquitoes, the invention provides a unique approach to repelling insects and arachnids that act as vectors for infectious pathogens. The use of essential oils and natural compounds derived from them as repellents presents advantages over synthetic repellents like DEET, Icaridine and IR3535, which have known health risks and environmental disadvantages. The invention's methods for identifying and screening essential oils and constituent compounds for repellent activity provide a promising avenue for disease prevention and vector control.

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The invention addresses the problem of effectively fixing active ingredients toleather or fabric surfaces. Traditional methods often result in poor adhesionor uneven distribution of the active ingredients, reducing the coatings'effectiveness and durability. This invention seeks to provide a solution byutilizing hydrogels and xerogels made of silicas, dendritic compounds, andoptional antimicrobial metallic nanoparticles to ensure a stable and uniformcoating on the substrate. Moreover, inclusion protects active ingredientssensitive to environmental conditions such as oxidation from atmospheric oxygenor humidity.  The key method proposed by this invention involves using hydrogels and xerogelsthat form within the pores of the solid substrate, such as leather or fabric.This unique approach allows the active ingredients to be securely fixed ontothe surface, ensuring better adhesion and distribution. By incorporatingdendritic compounds and metallic nanoparticles into the gel matrix, theinvention induces antimicrobial properties and enhances the stability anddurability of the coating, resulting in a more effective and long-lastingsolution for fixing active ingredients to substrates.This invention offers several advantages over previous methods. The use of hydrogelsand xerogels ensures a more stable and uniform coating, reducing the risk ofactive ingredient loss or uneven distribution. The incorporation of dendriticcompounds and metallic nanoparticles further enhances the coating's durabilityand effectiveness, making it more resistant to wear and environmental factors.Furthermore, employment of functionalized dendritic polymer may inducecontrolled protracted and/or stimuli-triggered release of the activeingredient(s) This invention provides a more reliable and long-lasting solutionfor fixing active ingredients to leather or fabric surfaces.

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The invention aims to address the growing issue of antibiotic resistance, particularly in bacterial infections caused by pathogens producing metallo-beta-lactamases (MBLs). These enzymes hydrolyze the amide bond of antibiotics containing a β-lactam ring, leading to resistance against virtually all β-lactams, which are crucial for treating infections. The emergence of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CRE) poses a significant threat, as no new classes of antibiotics have been introduced in the last 25 years. The invention proposes the use of heptakis- and octakis-cyclodextrins (IDA = iminodiacetic acid) as potent inhibitors of bacterial MBLs. These cyclodextrins form complexes with lanthanide metal cations, allowing them to inhibit the activity of MBLs effectively. By combining these cyclodextrins with β-lactam antibiotics, the invention enables the potentiation and reactivation of antibiotics, making them effective against MBL-producing bacterial pathogens. Unlike other inhibitors, the IDACYDs exhibit no cytotoxicity, acute toxicity, or immune response, making them safe for use in treating severe bacterial infections. Compared to existing treatments, the invention offers a novel approach to combat antibiotic resistance by targeting MBL-producing pathogens. The IDACYDs provide a safe and effective solution for treating infections that are resistant to current antibiotics, without inducing harmful side effects. By utilizing cyclodextrins in combination with antibiotics, the invention opens up new possibilities for overcoming the limitations of existing treatments and offers a promising strategy for managing life-threatening infections caused by MBL-producing bacteria. No description yet

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INNOVATIVE NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS HAVING ORGANIC MICROLAYER CONTROL CAPACITIES - USE OF SAME IN FOULING RELEASE COATINGS

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The invention addresses the need for complex event forecasting in data streams.  While existing systems can detect activity patterns upon event streams, the ability to forecast when such complex events might occur is lacking. This invention seeks to provide a method and system that allows users to define patterns for complex events and construct probabilistic models to forecast when these events are expected to happen in a stream of events. The method proposed by this invention involves receiving a pattern defining a complex event and an event stream with multiple events. A probabilistic model is then constructed to forecast the occurrence of the complex event within the stream. Key to this method is the use of an automaton derived from the pattern and a high-, variable-order Markov model to construct the probabilistic model. By utilizing these components, the system can accurately forecast complex events based on the received pattern, providing precise intervals within which the event is expected to occur. This unique approach allows for efficient and accurate forecasting of complex events in data streams. Compared to existing methods, this invention offers several advantages in complex event forecasting.  The use of a probabilistic model allows for a more nuanced understanding of event stream behavior, leading to more reliable forecasts. Additionally, the method can handle complex event definitions in a declarative manner, enabling users to define relationships among events in a stream more effectively. Overall, this invention represents a significant advancement in complex event forecasting, offering high accuracy and low latency in predicting the occurrence of complex events within data streams.